How Magnesium Boosts Energy and Athletic Performance
Last updated: October 21, 2025

How Magnesium Boosts Energy and Athletic Performance

Magnesium is essential for energy production and plays a crucial role in various processes that are vital for athletic performance and great workout results. We explain how magnesium works, what to take it with and which type to choose.
Table of Contents

    Magnesium and energy

    Magnesium is involved in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production, the primary source of energy for cellular function. We use ATP for muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and overall energy metabolism. By supporting ATP synthesis, magnesium helps maintain energy levels during workouts and promotes endurance and stamina.

    Muscle Function and Performance

    Magnesium plays a key role in muscle contraction and relaxation, making it essential for optimal muscle function and performance. Adequate magnesium levels help prevent muscle cramps, spasms, and fatigue during exercise, allowing athletes to push harder and train more effectively.

    Electrolyte Balance

    Magnesium is an essential electrolyte that works alongside other minerals such as potassium, sodium, and calcium to maintain proper fluid balance and electrolyte levels in the body. Electrolytes are critical for hydration, nerve function, and muscle contraction, making magnesium supplementation beneficial for athletes, especially during intense or prolonged exercise.

    Oxygen Delivery

    Magnesium helps regulate blood flow and oxygen delivery to working muscles during exercise. By dilating blood vessels and improving circulation, magnesium supports oxygen and nutrient delivery to muscles, enhancing endurance and performance during workouts.

    Recovery and Muscle Repair

    Magnesium plays a role in protein synthesis and muscle repair processes following exercise. Adequate magnesium levels help reduce inflammation, promote muscle recovery, and support tissue repair, allowing athletes to recover faster and minimise post-exercise soreness and fatigue.

    Reducing stress

    Magnesium has calming properties that help regulate the body’s stress response and promote relaxation. During intense training or competition, athletes may experience elevated stress levels and cortisol levels, which can negatively impact performance and recovery. Magnesium supplementation can help reduce stress and anxiety, supporting overall well-being and performance.

    Taking magnesium supplements

    Overall, if you’re playing sports or training regularly, magnesium supplements could help you by supporting energy production, muscle function, endurance, recovery, and overall performance. Many athletes take magnesium supplements to make sure they meet their daily magnesium needs, especially if they engage in intense or prolonged exercise regularly which can bump up your daily requirement.

    How to absorb more magnesium

    Look for “chelated” magnesium, which means the magnesium is in a compound with an organic molecule. It will and in -ate, like magnesium glycinate, magnesium citrate, magnesium lactate and so on. This means you can absorb far more of it than if you take the cheaper option magnesium oxide, which research suggests we absorb very poorly – one study found people were only absorbing 12% of that form.

    For most people, getting a mix of different types of magnesium is better than just going for one kind. This tends to increase absorption.

    Consider also taking zinc, vitamin B6 and vitamin D3 at the same time as your magnesium supplement. These partner nutrients don’t just increase how much you absorb: they also work with magnesium in your body to help it do its job.

    Finally, research has found we absorb magnesium the best when we take it with protein-rich foods and with prebiotics found in fresh fruit and vegetables. So the ideal partner to your magnesium supplements would be a home made fruit milkshake, protein shake or maybe some eggs and avocado on toast.


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    Written by

    Veronica Hughes

    Lead Nutrition Writer & Healthcare Researcher

    • Medicine & Health
    • National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) treatment guidelines
    • Care Quality Commission treatment standards for the NHS

    Veronica Hughes, MA (University of Cambridge), is a nutrition writer and healthcare researcher with extensive experience in UK medical policy and evidence-based health guidance. She has served as Chief Executive Officer of a medical research charity and contributed to national healthcare standards through her work with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the Care Quality Commission (CQC), helping to inform NHS treatment guidelines and regulatory frameworks.

    Her work focuses on nutrition, dietary supplements, and the role of vitamins and minerals in supporting health. She writes in-depth, research-led articles covering topics such as nutrient deficiencies, gut health, immune support, hormonal balance, and chronic health conditions, translating complex medical evidence into clear, accessible information.

    Veronica’s writing has been featured in newspaper publications and specialist health blogs, where she explores developments in modern healthcare, clinical research, and nutritional science. Her approach prioritises accuracy, regulatory compliance, and alignment with UK and EU health guidance, making her content a trusted resource for readers seeking reliable information on supplements, vitamins, and evidence-based wellness.